>>> WE TURN NOW TO AN ISSUE THAT HAS BEEN PUZZLING GOVERNMENTS, INVESTORS, AND ORDINARY PEOPLE ALIKE.

THE BENEFITS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE WEIGHED AGAINST THE RISKS.

COFOUNDER OF LINKEDIN BELIEVES THAT THE LIST OF BENEFITS IS LONG.

HE JOINED WALTER ISAACSON TO TALK ABOUT THE NEW BOOK HE COAUTHORED: SUPER AGENCY.

>> THANK YOU, BIANNA, I AM REID HOFFMAN, THANK YOU TO THE SHOW.

>> IT'S GREAT TO BE HERE.

>> YOU HAVE BEEN AT THE FOREFRONT OF EVERYTHING IN THE DIGITAL REVOLUTION, FROM LINKEDIN TO PAYPAL, AND NOW OF COURSE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.

YOU HAVE GOT A NEW BOOK CALLED SUPER AGENCY, IT IS VERY OPTIMISTIC ABOUT A.I.

BUT LET ME START WITH THE TITLE AND WITH THE WORD AGENCY.

JUST AGENCY.

WHEN WE HUMANS USE IT, IT MEANS WE HAVE A FREE WILL TO MAKE A PLAN AND TAKE AN ACTION, IS THAT WHAT YOU MEAN HERE AND CAN COMPUTERS DO THAT?

THAT'S I'M NOT SAYING THE COMPUTERS CAN DO THAT, THIS IS ACTUALLY A BOOK ABOUT HUMAN AGENCY, BOTH INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETAL, AND THE KIND OF SUPER AGENCY AND SUPERPOWERS.

BUT BY THE WAY, THE FLOPPER SERVERS MIGHT DISPUTE DIFFERENT DEFINITIONS OF WHETHER OR NOT IT IS AGENCY AND FREE WILL, BUT IT IS AGENCY OF OUR FUNDAMENTAL HUMANITY AND HOW WE ORGANIZE OUR LIVES AND CONNECT WITH EACH OTHER, AND THE THESIS AROUND SUPER AGENCY IS THAT A.I., LIKE OTHER GENERAL-PURPOSE TECHNOLOGIES IN OUR HISTORY, WILL HELP US DO THAT.

>> RIGHT, AND WHAT YOU TALK ABOUT IN THE BOOK IS A NOTION THAT WORKING WITH THE SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN THE MACHINES AND OURSELVES WILL EMPOWER US MORE.

EXPLAIN WHY YOU THINK WE GET EMPOWER AND MORE WHEN OUR MACHINES ARE DOING MORE AND MORE THINGS?

>> WELL, I MEAN, TAKE FOR EXAMPLE CARDS AS A HISTORY, WHICH BY THE WAY, THEY DID HAVE A SIMILAR CONVERSATION ABOUT WHETHER IT WOULD DESTROY HUMAN SOCIETY, CHANGE PATTERNS, ET CETERA, AND CARS ACTUALLY GIVE YOU SUPER AGENCY, SUPERPOWERS, THE ABILITY TO GO FASTER, FURTHER DISTANCES, ET CETERA.

YOU GET SUPER AGENCY WITH CARDS, BECAUSE NOT ONLY DO YOU GET THAT SUPERPOWER, BUT OTHER PEOPLE DO, TOO.

A DOCTOR MIGHT BE ABLE TO COME VISIT YOU, VERSUS YOU HAVING TO TRY TO GET TO THE DOCTOR BUT AND COMPUTERS, I THINK, AND A.I., WILL DO THE SAME THING.

>> WHEN YOU SAY THAT IT WILL BE SAFE AND IT WILL RESPOND TO OUR NEEDS, LET ME QUOTE A SENTENCE WHERE YOU SAY, "WE ARE GOING TO PURSUE A FUTURE IN WHICH BILLIONS OF PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD GET EQUITABLE, HANDS-ON ACCESS TO EXPERIMENT WITH THESE TECHNOLOGIES."

FIRST OF ALL, LET ME ASK YOU WHY IS THAT IMPORTANT?

>> WELL, IT IS IMPORTANT IN PART BECAUSE PART OF HOW WE GET -- JUST THINK ABOUT FOR EXAMPLE, TIM COOK'S iPHONE IS THE SAME ONE THAT THE CABDRIVER AND THE UBER DRIVER IS USING, SO IT IS A FACT WHEN YOU GET TECHNOLOGIES DESIGNED FOR HUNDREDS OF MILLIONS OF PEOPLE, BILLIONS OF PEOPLE ARE THEN ENGAGED WITH THEM, THEN WE ARE ALL BEING ELEVATED, AND OUR SOCIETY AT HOME IS GETTING HER AGENT TOGETHER, AND SO, THAT INCLUSION HELPS US DIRECT IT IN WAYS THAT ARE BETTER, NOT JUST FOR INDIVIDUALS, BUT ALSO FOR SOCIETY.

>> YOU TALK ABOUT A COGNITIVE, INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION.

I MEAN, I LOVE LOOKING AT HISTORY OF ALL THE VARIOUS AGRICULTURAL, INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS.

COMPARE THIS ONE TO THE PREVIOUS REVELATIONS WE HAVE HAD DRIVEN BY TECHNOLOGY POINT >> WELL, PART OF THE REASON I CALL IT COGNITIVE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IS BECAUSE I WANT BOTH KIND OF THE UPSIDE TO BE WELL UNDERSTOOD, WHICH IS NOTHING OF OUR SOCIETY, THE WAY WE EXIST, MIDDLE-CLASS, EDUCATION, MEDICINE, YOU KNOW, THE VERY TECHNOLOGY THAT YOU AND I ARE TALKING ON TODAY, EXISTS WITHOUT THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION.

SO, THE TARGETED OUTCOME CAN BE AMAZING AND SHOULD BE AMAZING, BUT IT IS ALSO, WE HAVE TO NAVIGATE THE TRANSITIONS, BECAUSE THE TRANSITIONS LIKE THE TRANSITION IN THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION NECESSITATED A LOT OF KIND OF DIFFICULT ADJUSTMENTS WITHIN HUMAN SOCIETY.

YOU KNOW, WE NEEDED THE CHILD LABOR LAWS, WE NEEDED WORK WEEKS, WE NEEDED A WHOLE BUNCH OF OTHER THINGS IN ORDER TO MAKE THAT WORK, AND I ANTICIPATE WE ARE GOING TO HAVE SIMILAR TRANSITION ISSUES, AND SO, WE NEED TO NAVIGATE THOSE, HOPEFULLY HAVING LEARNED WITH MORE HUMANITY AND MORE GRACE THAN EARLIER TRANSITIONS.

>> WELL, TELL ME ABOUT SOME OF THE TRANSITION RULES THAT YOU THINK ARE NECESSARY FOR A.I.

>> SO, IT IS A FACT THAT -- PEOPLE SAY IT IS GOING TO BE A WHOLE BUNCH OF JOB REPLACEMENT, THERE WILL BE SOME JOB REPLACEMENT, TAKE FOR EXAMPLE CUSTOMER SERVICE, OR A HUMAN IS BASICALLY TRYING TO BE A ROBOT, FOLLOWING THE SCRIPT, A.I.

WILL DO THAT MUCH BETTER.

BUT EVEN A LOT OF OTHER JOBS WILL BE TRANSFORMED.

SO, WHEN YOU PREVIOUSLY NEEDED THESE 20 SKILLS, YOU NOW NEED ONLY EIGHT OF THOSE SKILLS, AND THEN FIVE MORE IN ORDER TO DO THE JOB.

IF YOU ARE A GRAPHIC DESIGNER, YOUR ABILITY TO DO THINGS FINE- TUNED WITH YOUR GRAPHIC DEXTERITY, MANUAL DEXTERITY, IS VERY IMPORTANT.

NOW, VISUAL THINKING IS STILL IMPORTANT, BUT THE MANUAL DEXTERITY IT MAY BE LESS IMPORTANT, THAT IS KIND OF A JOB TRANSITION.

SO, WE NEED A.I.

THE THING I WOULD BE ASKING FOR FROM THE COMPANIES AND GOVERNMENT, IS A.I.

TO HELP PEOPLE WITH THESE TRANSITIONS.

YOU KNOW, WHICH FEW SKILLS THEY NEED TO PICK UP, ARE THEY STILL GOING TO BE DOING THIS JOB, OR HELPING YOU FIND OTHER JOBS, HELPING YOU LEARN OTHER JOBS, HELPING YOU DO OTHER JOBS, AND WE WANT A.I.

HELPING US WITH ALL OF THAT.

>> YEAH, WHEN YOU TALK ABOUT IT, THE ROLE SEEMS EVEN GRANDER THAN JUST HELPING US WITH OUR JOBS, BECAUSE I'M GOING TO READ YOU A SENTENCE IN THE BOOK.

YOU SAY, "EVERY NEW TECHNOLOGY WE HAVE INVENTED, FROM LANGUAGES TO BOOKS TO THE MOBILE PHONE, AS DEFINED, REDEFINED, DEEPENED, AND EXPANDED WHAT IT MEANS TO BE HUMAN."

SO, TELL ME HOW THIS WILL EXPAND WHAT IT MEANS TO BE HUMAN.

>> WELL, SO, PART OF IT IS WE ARE ACTUALLY MORE TECHNIQUE THAN SAPIENS.

WE EVOLVE THROUGH OUR TECHNOLOGY.

OUR GENETIC ARE PRETTY MUCH THE SAME OVER THE LAST 4000 YEARS, WHICH IS KIND OF THE RECORDED HISTORY OF HUMAN CIVILIZATION.

AND YET, I CAN SEE LITERALLY THROUGH GLASSES, ET CETERA.

A.I.

IS GOING TO BE DOING THE SAME THING, IT IS GOING TO BE SAYING, HEY, YOU WANT TO LEARN SOMETHING, YOU WANT TO KNOW SOMETHING, YOU WANT TO LEARN SOMETHING, WE CALL A.I.

INFORMATIONAL GPS.

JUST LIKE YOU USED GPS TO NAVIGATE A NEW CITY THAT YOU'RE GOING TO COME ALL INFORMATION SPACES, MEDICAL, WORK, EDUCATION, CREATIVE, CAN BE AMPLIFIED WITH THIS INFORMATION GPS.

AND THAT IS THE KIND OF -- THAT THEN BECOMES A NEW PART OF WHAT IT IS TO BE HUMAN, BECAUSE WE HAVE THAT, IN HELPING US WITH OUR NAVIGATION, JUST AS OUR SMART PHONES AND A MAP DOES TODAY.

>> ONE OF THE THINGS YOU TALK ABOUT AS PART OF YOUR SUBTITLE IS WE SHOULD TALK ABOUT WHAT COULD GO RIGHT.

I KNOW YOU TALKED ABOUT MEDICINE, YOU HAVE BEEN INVOLVED WITH CANCER RESEARCH.

TELL ME THE BIG THINGS THAT CAN GO RIGHT WITH THIS.

>> WELL, SO, AS YOU WERE GESTURING AT, A COMPANY THAT I COFOUNDED, YOU KNOW, WE ARE TRYING TO CURE CANCER WITH A.I.

ACCELERATIONS AND DRUG DISCOVERY.

BUT EVEN MORE IMMEDIATE, LIKE LINE OF SIGHT, A MEDICAL ASSISTANT, 24 BY SEVEN, THAT CAN BE IN EVERY POCKET.

YOU HAVE A CONCERN ABOUT YOURSELF, YOUR CHILD, YOUR SIBLING, YOU KNOW, YOUR PARENT, YOU CAN GET AN ANSWER.

A TUTOR ON EVERY SUBJECT FOR EVERY AGE.

A LEGAL ASSISTANT.

YOU KNOW, I CAN'T AFFORD A LAWYER AND I'M TRYING TO FIGURE OUT THIS RENTAL CONTRACT, WELL, ACTUALLY IN FACT, A.I., CHATGPT, COPILOT, CAN HELP YOU WITH THAT TODAY.

SO, THOSE ARE ALWAYS THAT YOUR LIFE GETS KIND OF MAGNIFIED.

AND OF COURSE, IT WILL END UP BEING EVEN MORE THINGS THAN THESE THINGS THAT WE CAN SAY TODAY.

PART OF NEW PURPOSE TECHNOLOGIES AS THEY CREATE NEW THINGS THAT WE DIDN'T EVEN IMAGINE WHAT'S POSSIBLE, THAT IS PART OF, OF COURSE, THE EXCITEMENT OF BEING AN INVENTOR, AN INVESTOR IN THESE THINGS.

X GIVE ME AN EXAMPLE OF SOMETHING WE PROBABLY AREN'T IMAGINING THAT MIGHT HAPPEN?

>> THIS MIGHT BE A LITTLE WANT TO SHOOT FOR OUR AUDIENCE, BUT FOR EXAMPLE, ONE OF THE REASONS WHY ALL OF THESE FRONTIER LABS ARE BUILDING CODING SYSTEMS IS NOT JUST TO MAKE ENGINEERS MORE EFFICIENT.

YES, THAT IS, BUT LIKE NOW YOU'RE GOING TO HAVE COPILOTS THAT CAN BE A SOFTWARE ENGINEER FOR ALL OF US.

SO, FOR EXAMPLE, IF I SAID, HEY, I WANT TO CREATE A NEW KIND OF GAME THAT I CAN PLAY WITH MY FRIENDS AND I HAVE THIS IDEA OF SOMETHING THAT I CAN POSSIBLY DO, I WILL THEN CREATE THAT GAME AND I CAN HAVE AN A.I.

SOFTWARE HELP CREATED FOR ME, AND THAT IS JUST ONE EXAMPLE OF LOTS.

IT COULD BE DOING RESEARCH, IT COULD BE FIGURING OUT HOW I WANT TO HAVE A HOME AT TO COORDINATE WITH MY FAMILY.

ALL OF THOSE THINGS ARE -- WE ARE NOW ALL GOING TO HAVE A SOFTWARE AGENT, COPILOT WITHIN A RELATIVELY SMALL NUMBER OF YEARS.

>> YOU TALK ABOUT SUPER AGENCY, AND YOU SAY THAT -- IN THIS BOOK, THAT A.I.

WILL ENHANCE HUMAN AGENCY.

BUT SO MUCH OF WHAT HAS HAPPENED WITH SOCIAL MEDIA RECENTLY AND WITH DIGITAL REVOLUTION IN GENERAL SEEMS TO HAVE REDUCED OUR AGENCY IN SOME WAYS.

IT HAS MADE IT HARDER FOR US TO BE IN CONTROL OF OUR LIVES.

EXPLAIN THAT AND WHAT CAN BE DONE.

>> PART OF WHAT WE ARE TRYING TO ADVOCATE FOR IN THE BOOK AND KIND OF HOW TECHNOLOGIES BUILDINGS, WHAT ARE THE THINGS THAT WE SHOULD WANT OR THINGS TO INCREASE OUR AGENCY?

PART OF THAT IS TO SAY IMAGINE YOU HAD AN AGENT THAT WAS ON YOUR SIDE AND YOU ARE READING SOMETHING FOR YOU, AND ESSENTIALLY ENABLING YOU, AND YOU READ SOMETHING AND YOU SAY, I AM NOT SURE THAT IS QUITE RIGHT, AND THEN THE AGENT WOULD SAY HERE ARE THREE THINGS THAT YOU MIGHT CONSIDER AS INTERESTING SOURCES TO FIGURE THIS OUT, OR, HEY, WERE BELIEVING THIS THING THAT YOU ARE READING OR IF YOU ARE SEEING, HERE ARE SOME THINGS TO CROSSCHECK.

FOR EXAMPLE, ONE OF THE THINGS WE ARE ALREADY SEEING WITH A.I.

IS LIKE CYBER CRIMINAL FISHING.

SO, YOU GET A PHONE CALL TRYING TO PERSUADE YOU THAT YOUR BROTHER OR SISTER, CHILD, PARTNER, ET CETERA -- SAYS HEY, SEND MONEY TO HEAR.

HE WILL ALSO HAVE AN AGENT THAT SAYS, OH, HEY, THAT SOUNDS LIKE SOMETHING THAT COULD BE NOT GOOD FOR YOU.

WHY DON'T YOU ASK SOMETHING THAT ONLY THE TWO OF YOU KNOW IN ORDER TO MAKE SURE, IT COULD BE PART OF THE PROTECTION.

AND THIS IS ESSENTIALLY WHAT WE ARE BUILDING TWO AS WE GO THROUGH THESE TRANSITIONS TO THE OTHER SIDE.

>> AND HOW WILL A.I.

THEN HELP US WITH THIS INFORMATION IN GENERAL?

THE TYPE OF DISINFORMATION THAT IS VERY CONTROVERSIAL NOW, BUT SEEMS TO BE UNDERMINING OUR DEMOCRACY.

>> WELL, AS YOU KNOW, THIS IS A DEEPLY POLITICAL TOPIC.

WHAT COUNTS AS MISINFORMATION, WHAT COUNTS AS DISINFORMATION, THERE ARE A LOT OF DIFFERENT VIEWS ON, AND COMING TO A COHERENT SENSE OF VIEWS THERE FOR THE BULK OF AMERICA IS ACTUALLY VERY DIFFICULT.

THAT BEING SAID, I THINK THERE ARE A LOT OF WAYS THAT THESE AGENTS CAN ACTUALLY IN FACT BE ON OUR SIDE, HELPING LIKE FACT CHECK AND DO OTHER KINDS OF THINGS.

TAKE FOR EXAMPLE, YOU ARE READING SOME INFORMATION ON SOME MEDIA SITE OR SOCIAL MEDIA SITE THAT SAYS VACCINES ARE KNOWN TO BE VERY DANGEROUS, AND THEY PLANT CHIPS AND YOU AND THE CAUSE AUTISM.

I WOULD SAY ACTUALLY IN FACT, HERE IS WHAT DIFFERENT SCIENTIFIC STUDIES SHOW, HERE IS WHAT SOME OTHER PEOPLE WHO CHALLENGE THEM SAY, AND HERE'S HOW YOU CAN INFORM YOURSELF IN A GOOD WAY.

AND I THINK THAT IS THE KIND OF THING THAT WE WANT THESE AGENTS TO BE HELPING US WITH.

AND PART OF IT IS IF YOU HAVE AN AGENT THAT IS KIND OF SAYING, HEY, LOOK OUT FOR ME WHEN I AM DOING THIS, AND I GO, HEY, I HAVE SEEN THIS AGENT LOOK OUT TO ME IN VARIOUS WAYS, LIKE LOOK OUT FOR ME IN TERMS OF MY HEALTH, LOOK OUT FOR ME IN TERMS OF MAKING FINANCIAL DECISIONS OR READING MY RENTAL LEASE, THEN I TRUST IT AND TELLING ME THESE THINGS, TOO, AND THAT IS PART OF MY VOTE, AS WE WORK OUR WAY THROUGH THE TRANSITION, THAT WE ACTUALLY HAVE MORE OF A COMMON BASED KNOWLEDGE APPROACH THAT WE CAN THEN BE FINDING MORE THINGS.

HERE IS HOW WE CAN GET TO AGREEMENT AND REALIZE WHAT THIS INFORMATION POSSIBLY IS.

>> LET ME ASK YOU ABOUT REGULATION, I JUST CAME BACK FROM EUROPE, AND IN PARIS, THEY HAD THE A.I.

SUMMIT.

IN THE PREVIOUS A.I.

SUMMITS, IT HAD ALL BEEN HOW ARE WE GOING TO REGULATE THIS CUSTOMER NOW IN EUROPE, THEY ARE TOTALLY PANICKED THAT ONE OF THEIR A.I.

COMPANIES WHICH COMPETES WITH CHATGPT, IS GOING TO BE HINDERED BECAUSE OF TOO MUCH REGULATION.

IF THERE IS A WHOLE LOT OF COMPETITION AND A WHOLE LOT OF COMPANIES AND A LOT OF COUNTRIES, FROM CHINA TO FRANCE DOING IT, HOW CAN WE REGULATE IT?

>> WELL, I THINK THAT FIRST OFF, WE SHOULD TRY TO TAKE ADDITIONAL REGULATION VERY FOCUSED.

IT'S LIKE HOW DO WE MAKE SURE THAT CRIMINALS, TERRORISTS, ROGUE STATES AREN'T DOING THINGS?

HOW DO WE MAKE SURE THAT WE DON'T MAKE SOME CRITICAL, LARGE ERA?

NOT HOW DO WE COVER EVERY SINGLE THING, NOT HOW DO WE HAVE IT NOT DO SOMETHING THAT MIGHT BE LIKE A HALLUCINATION OR A MISSTATEMENT OF SOME KIND OF FACT OR OTHER KINDS OF THINGS.

LOOK, WE CAN ADJUST THOSE AS WE DEVELOP.

AND PART OF WHAT I THINK IS REALLY GOOD, I THINK THE DIVERSITY OF MULTIPLE THINGS -- I ACTUALLY PERSONALLY THINK THAT ACTUALLY HAVING THE FRENCH, THE BRITISH, THE GERMANS , THE ITALIANS ACTUALLY IN THIS AND HELPING SHAPE THAT, I THINK HELPS IT BE FOR MORE HUMANITY GENERALLY.

IF ANY ONE CULTURE ONLY HAS ITS OWN LENS, AND AS MUCH AS OF COURSE YOU AND I LOVE TO HAVE A LOT OF DEEP AMERICAN VALUES IN AMERICAN CULTURE, PART OF THE REASON IS BECAUSE WE LEARN FROM OTHERS AS WELL.

IT IS ONE OF THE THINGS THAT I THINK ARE OUR ASPIRATIONAL AMERICAN VALUES, SO I THINK THAT IS A GOOD THING, SO I THINK REGULATION IS POSSIBLE, IT SHOULD BE DONE SPECIFICALLY, SLOWLY, LEARNING AS WE ARE DOING IT.

>> YOU HAVE BEEN IN SUPPORT OF DEMOCRATS, I THINK YOU SUPPORTED KAMALA HARRIS, BUT SO MANY OF THE TECH BRO FRIENDS YOU HAVE FROM SILICON VALLEY HAVE NOW BEEN FLOCKING TO WASHINGTON, ELON MUSK BEEN VERY INVOLVED WITH THE ADMINISTRATION, BUT SO MANY OTHERS.

WHAT CAUSED THIS SHIFT IN THE SILICON VALLEY MENTALITY, AND DO YOU WORRY WHEN YOU SEE AN AN OPERATION THAT HAS ALL TECH BRO'S SITTING IN FRONT OF THE CABINET?

>> I THINK THERE ARE TWO THINGS.

IF I SAID ANY GOVERNMENT, INCLUDING THE AMERICAN, IS DEEPLY TALKING TO THE TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY ABOUT HOW THE FUTURE IS, I WOULD SAY THAT IS GOOD, AND THAT INCLUDES OUR CURRENT ADMINISTRATION AND SO ON.

NOW, I THINK ONE OF THE REASONS WHY A LOT OF TECHNOLOGISTS SAID, HEY, WE ARE GOING TO WORK WITH THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION, IS NOT JUST BECAUSE IT WAS COMPLETELY, FAIRLY, AND DEMOCRATICALLY ELECTED, BUT ALSO, IT IS SAYING, HEY, YOU ALSO BELIEVE THAT THE TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY IS IMPORTANT, ABOUT HOW WE CREATE THE FUTURE JOBS, THE FUTURE INDUSTRY, THE FUTURE SERVICES THAT HELP US AND BECOME PART OF WHAT WE CAN EXPORT TO THE WORLD, THAT IS WHAT REALLY MATTERS.

AND IF YOU HAVE ONE PARTY ARGUING THAT THAT IS GOOD AND ONE PARTY ARGUING THAT THAT IS BAD, THE INDUSTRY -- YOU KNOW, THE TECH INDUSTRY WILL BE IN AND SOME PERCENTAGE TO THE PARTY THAT ARGUES THAT THAT IS GOOD.

>> YOU WERE ALSO INVOLVED IN THE LAWSUIT AGAINST TRUMP, I THINK YOU HELPED WITH EIJI AND CAROL, AND HE HAS BECOME VERY VINDICTIVE AGAINST EVEN THE LAW FIRMS THAT HAVE BEEN INVOLVED.

DO YOU WORRY ABOUT THAT REVENGE AND VINDICTIVENESS, THE BULLYING THAT WE SOMETIMES SEE COMING OUT OF WASHINGTON?

>> WELL, OF COURSE I DO, I THINK IT IS ONLY HUMAN AND NATURAL TO DO SO.

WHEN HE REMOVED MARK MILLEY'S PROTECTION DETAIL, YOU KNOW, A GENERAL WHO HAS PUT HIS WHOLE LIFE IN SERVICE OF THE U.S. AND ENGAGED IN CONFLICT AROUND THE WORLD, AND WHO IS A TARGET OF ESSENTIALLY THE OPPONENTS OF AMERICA, LAKE HURON, YOU KNOW, IF HE IS WILLING TO DO THAT, WHAT ELSE IS HE WILLING TO DO, THAT IS OF COURSE VERY DEEPLY CONCERNING.

>> I AM GOING TO READ A SENTENCE THAT REALLY STRUCK ME IN YOUR BOOK, WHICH IS, "I MAINTAINING OUR DEVELOPMENT LEAD, WE ARE INFUSING A.I.

TECHNOLOGIES WITH DEMOCRATIC VALUES AND INNOVATING THESE TECHNOLOGIES ACROSS SOCIETY IN WAYS THAT BOLSTER OUR ECONOMIC POWER, OUR NATIONAL SECURITY, AND OUR ABILITY TO BROADLY PROJECT OUR GLOBAL INFLUENCE.

EXPLAIN WHY YOU THINK IT IS IMPORTANT FOR THE U.S. TO MAINTAIN THE LEAD, WHILE ALSO INFUSING IT WITH OUR VALUES?

>> SO, TECHNOLOGY SHAPED THE WORLD.

AND PART OF THE REASON WHY THE KIND OF EUROPEANS HAD GLOBAL IMPACTS FOR CENTURIES, IS THEY WERE THE FIRST DEVELOPERS AND BROUGHT DOCTORS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION.

THIS IS A COGNITIVE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION.

THE SAME THING IS GOING TO SHAPE -- LIKE WHAT ARE THE INDUSTRIES THAT POWER AND WHAT ARE THE THINGS THAT KIND OF EFFECT, IN TERMS OF THE SHAPE OF TECHNOLOGY, HOW WE NAVIGATE THE WORLD?

YOU KNOW, THIS KIND OF INFORMATIONAL GPS.

AND SO, A SYSTEM THAT SAYS, HEY, IT IS REALLY IMPORTANT THAT INDIVIDUALS HAVE AUTONOMY, OF AGENCY, THAT WE MAKE DECISIONS AS A COLLECTIVE GROUP TOGETHER, WITH A KIND OF DEMOCRATIC PROCESS, IS I THINK SOME OF THE GREAT THINGS THAT AMERICA AND OTHER COUNTRIES HAVE BROUGHT TO THE WORLD, AND I THINK IT IS IMPORTANT THAT WE CONTINUE TO ELABORATE THEM.

THE WAY WE DO THAT IS BY BEING ON THE FOREFRONT OF THIS TECHNOLOGY.

SOMETIMES WHEN I AM REALLY TRYING TO PUSH THIS POINT HOME WITHIN A KIND OF AMERICAN CONTEXT, IS WE WANT A.I.

TO BE AMERICAN INTELLIGENCE.

>> REID HOFFMAN, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US.

>> WALTER, ALWAYS A PLEASURE.